نشریه پژوهش های ادبی و بلاغی
سال ششم شماره 3 (پیاپی 23، تابستان 1397)

stunts of creating amphiboly in sa,di,s sonnets on based on bugrande theory of phase apprachText linguistics is one of the modern and crucial theories of linguistics that has a great domain and its various branches have extended and increased its concept. One of the greatest scholars in this science, is Robert de bu Grande that one of the most important views of him is phase approach that focuses on the ways of recreating and understanding a text by a reader on based on some special elements and methods. Except it, the phase approach is a good way for analyzing different literal and poetic figures of speech and images in a text. This approach helps the reader to recreate and understand the text by 3 ways of cohesion, coherence and intertextuality. Producing amphiboly has a close relation with the coherence and cohesion. Producing amphiboly by the way of cohesion has 2 branches and by the way of coherence has 7 branches. The essay is going to study the various stunts of amphiboly in sa,di,s sonnets on based on bugrande theory. The results show that from these components and branches, double dependent amphiboly and collocational metaphoric amphiboly, are the most frequent kinds of amphiboly and ambiguous amphiboly is the artiest kind of amphiboly in sa,di,s sonnets. Key words: amphiboly, text linguistics, phase approach, bugrande, sa,di,s sonnets.

Amphibology is one of the important elements of literary language and one of the most widely used forms of imagery and has been considered as a kind of semantic deviation. Amphibology is created on the axis of adjacency and collocation, and the language can become mysterious with the help of it. Amphibology can also be regarded as the most artistic and mysterious literary technique used by professional poets and lecturers. Undoubtedly, the recognition of the wonders of this imagery figure has led us to identify their mysterious words. In Persian literature, Hafez and Khaghani are considered to be the forerunners of this art. Shawkat Bokhari is one of the poets of 11th hegira century and one of the capable Persian poets of Transoxiana. His poetry is full of fantasies, and most of the imageries can be found in his lyrics. This research seeks to examine different types of amphibology through a glance at lyrics of Shawkat Bokhari.

AbstractAntiquity is one of the most important means of defamation in literary language. The use of the arctic language or the escape of the poet from the native language and the use of past language, which is not used today in standard language, is called anti-paradise. This research seeks to discuss Aristocracy in Shamlou's poem by descriptive-analytic method. For this purpose, after the preliminary discussions, the main topic in the five features of phonetic aristocracy (including discounts, exaggerations, abilities, additions and dwellings), lexical aristocracy (including nouns, adjectives and adverbs), current archetypes (including verbs Simple, prefabricated and compound), syntactic archetypal (Aristocracy in the use of letters such as meanings of the word, ...) with examples of Shamlo's poetry. The results of the research show that Shamloo is inherently unpardonable and sinister, and has made a special effort and dedication to the exit from the language criterion to escape from the constraints of the poetry. Using his literary ability, he developed his special style using his literary ability and gave his poetry a special distinction. In his poems, in addition to his linguistic features, he traced the past syntax and structure of the literary past Some aspects have benefited.

In periods ofliterary history including contemporary age,we're witness to the presence of the mystic poets in the Arabic literature that with their poems were heralded of wishes, and were the plaintiff of deprivation arose from the social system. Abd El-Hamed El-Deeb is among these poets to be considered. Checking what components caused works and the life of the poet to be called mystic contemporary, and whether his poetry has any adjacency with the pioneers of mystics ignorance period or not, are the most important objectives of this research which comes with the methods of descriptive analytical findings. It seems that unity and speaking of facts in the form of poem pieces, and factors such as the riots on deprivation of financial problems, and lack of social position in class system, self satisfaction, the nostalgia, and exile, the death in the way of forgiveness and freedom, are the basis of this nomenclature is deemed to be. Abd El-Hamed, unlike the ancients hasn't seek to show courage, defiance and remedy implantation, his poetry often puts satirize and mocking the key to his criticism and complaints.

Analysing semiology of discourse is sensoryperceptual, free-flowing, aesthetic and in constant process which has been produced through ignoring programme-oriented method and through the presence of human agent in a sudden wag; and the meaning is produced the process of production; and in this wag an artistic, sensory, and aesthetic process is created, which fail to result in conclusive and predetermined conclusion; on the contrary, agent appears in a sudden and sensual way in the process of discourse. and this kind of presence induces tensional atmosphere in the discourse and the discourse takes a specific aesthetics. The sensory- perceptual, and emotional aspect, of discourse in Greimasian semantics, leads to the production of meaning and its development. This method contrary to programme-oriented and narrative method do not function mechanically and does not conclude de finitevely and predeterminedly. In this paper, I will analyse the " khane hashtom " by akhavane sales from the point of view of semiology free flowing, perceptual tensional, aesthetic domination and through using other techniques I try to study creation process, production , development, dynamics, fluidity, abruptness and the capability of escape and inaccessibility in that poem.

The history of Arabic literature in science and literature has enriched many names, but some of them are always eternal. In this regard, Mola al-Muvahhedin Amir al-Mum'inīn Ali (AS), his innovations, and his excellent character, completed him. And the founder of science was syntax. Thought, science, beautiful soul, beautiful expression, possibility to search for a drop of this great ocean. This paper describes an analytical and descriptive approach to Imam's symbols in Nahj ol-Balagheh to examine changes in the meaning of the letters الا)، (بلی)، (کان)، (لکن)،)]after the composition ل ولا)، (إما)، (کلا)]) and ((لما)، (لن)، (الا)، (هلا compound meanings that come in Nahj ol- Balagheh. In this research, the views of them were examined grammatically. And from the findings of the research, the meanings of these letters change after composition, and the letters of the meanings are not in Nahj olbalagheh " إذما " and " ."لوما